5 Places in Tarakan

             5 Places in Tarakan
Ever vacation to Tarakan, North Kalimantan? Perhaps if it is asked of the Indonesian people, most of them have not been on a vacation to the city. This is because some of the tourist attractions in Tarakan has not been so popular among people.
Tarakan is a city located in the province of North Borneo and is the capital of the province. A city located in the northern part of Borneo island when it actually store a variety of potential tourist attractions very interesting. But it is the local government has yet to develop fully the potential of tourism in Tarakan. And for that, it should be a concern of local governments so that the potential of the tourist attractions in the city of Tarakan can be optimized for the development of the area.
Well, here I will give a description of some of the tourist attractions in Tarakan that you must visit. If you are interested or indeed have the desire to come to this area, please see the description below.
 
1. Amal BeachTo nature in the town of Tarakan, you can visit the beach in the village Amal Amal Beach, East Tarakan subdistrict. On the beach there are two chicks beach is the beach Amal Old and New Charity coast. For those of you who like to fill the holiday with going to the beach, the beach can be an alternative charity of your choice and family. Typical beach atmosphere, beautiful natural scenery, accompanied by coconut trees and blue sea water will be your friend as long as you are at the beach Amal.Twilight Beach Charity TarakanTo nature in the town of Tarakan, you can visit the beach in the village Amal Amal Beach, East Tarakan subdistrict. On the beach there are two chicks beach is the beach Amal Old and New Charity coast. For those of you who like to fill the holiday with going to the beach, the beach can be an alternative charity of your choice and family. Typical beach atmosphere, beautiful natural scenery, accompanied by coconut trees and blue sea water will be your friend as long as you are at the beach Amal.

 
2. The Round House MuseumRound House Museum TarakanRound House Museum can be one of the unique cultural tourism destination when you visit the town of Tarakan. As the name suggests the Round House, where the roof of the museum building is semicircular. In this place you can see some relics in the era of Japan and the Netherlands. Round House Museum is located at Jalan Jempang, or right next to the Parliament Building.
 
3. Crocodile JuwataFor sites that this one was already widely known and locals. One of the leading tourist places in Tarakan has a collection of several species of crocodile that comes from several areas in Kalimantan. These attractions stands on an area of ​​5 hectares and was established since 1991. If you are interested to visit these places, you can look it up in the village of Karang Hope, West Tarakan. There are 3 types of crocodiles are bred here that supit crocodiles, freshwater crocodiles and estuarine crocodiles.
 

 4. Wana NurseryFor those of you who want to come to these places, you can see several species of plants that are under the management of the town of Tarakan INHUTANI. In addition to plants, you also can see several species of animals that live freely in this place

 












5. Grand Tarakan MallFor those of you who like to shop or hobby shopping, do not miss to visit the shopping center in the city of Tarakan, namely Grand Tarakan Mall. Mall has become the only the largest mall in North Borneo. In Grand Tarakan Mall you can encounter many shops and department stores serving an assortment of goods. Some restaurants and hotels certainly available in this place. There is also THM Plaza are located right in front of the Grand Tarakan Mall.

History of the Kingdom of Tidung

History of the Kingdom of Tidung

By Bambang Triyono 06:42

History of the kingdom and the leader (king) who ruled among Tidung split of the few places that has now been separated into several regions Regency among others Bulungan (District of Tanjung Palas, Village Salimbatu), Malinau district, Tana Tidung, Nunukan (Subdistrict Sembakung), Kota Tarakan and others up to the area of ​​Sabah (Malaysia) to the south.
From the narrations are among Tidung kingdom that never existed and can be said to be the oldest among other history that is of Menjelutung River Sesayap the last king named Benayuk. The expiration time of the kingdom Menjelutung because calamity struck in the form of rain and hurricane storm very severe resulting in situ settlement collapsed and sank into the water (river) following its citizens. These events among Tidung called Gasab which then give rise to various myths about Benayuk of Menjelutung.
Obtained from several sources about the history of the reign of Benayuk which lasted about 35 seasons. The season calculation is based on a count of the moon (full moon) that in one season there are 12 full moon. It is then a matter of seasons can be equated + or less with the Hegira. When coupled with a history of several prominent leaders (King) which can be known a long reign and its association with Benayuk, then estimated at Menjelutung tragedy occurred at the beginning of the century XI Area.
Groups in the royal era Tidung Menjelutung are not yet as to what it is today, as it is known that among Tidung in eastern Kalimantan now there are four (4) groups Tidung dialects, namely:1. Dialect discuss Tidung Malinau2. Tidung Sembakung language dialect.3. Dialect discuss Tidung Sesayap.4. discuss Tidung Tarakan dialect commonly also called Tidung Landmarks are mostly settled in the area of ​​salt water.
Of the existence of several dialects Tidung the following community groups social and cultural environment of each, then surely of these groups have their respective leaders. As reported then that after the empire collapsed Menjelutung Benayuk in the progeny along with the survivors moving and spread later to build new settlements. One of the descendants Benayuk named Kayam as leader of the settlement in Linuang Kayam (Kampung the Kayam) which is the forerunner of the leaders (kings) in Barren Island, Sembakung and Lumbis.
Lapse of 15 (fifteen) season after collapsing Menjelutung Benayuk a descendant named Yamus (Si Amus) residing in Liyu Maye raised himself king who then move to a residential center Binalatung (Tarakan). Yamus ruled for 44 (forty-four) seasons, after the death of Yamus replaced by one of his grandchildren named Ibugang (Aki Bugang), Ibugang married Ilawang (Adu Lawang) begat three people. Of the three children only one who remained in Binalatung is called Itara, one to Betayau and the other to Penagar.
Ibugang died after mmerintah for 22 (twenty two) seasons later replaced by Itara who ruled for 29 (twenty nine) season. Itara descendants named Ikurung then forward the government and ruled for 25 (twenty five) seasons. Ikurung married to Princess Brackets are beranakkan Ikarang who later succeeded his father who had died. Ikarang ruled for 35 (thirty five) season in Tanjung Batu (Tarakan).
The next king named Authorship which bristrikan Kayam Princess (Princess of Linuang Kayam) which then beranakkan Ibidang. The next king named Bengawan narrated as a firm and wise king and his power in the coastal region exceeds the limit of coastal areas Bulungan now that of Tanjung Mangkaliat in the south then to the north up in Kudat (Sabah, Malaysia). Bengawan also narrated that the king has embraced Islam and ruled for 44 (forty-four) seasons. Bengawan died after he was replaced by his son named Itambu, who ruled for 20 (twenty) season. After Itambu death, then government headed by the king who holds Aji Beruwing Sakti who ruled for 30 (thirty) season, then was replaced by Aji Surya Sakti who ruled for 30 (thirty) season.After Aji Surya Sakti died later replaced by his son named Aji Pengiran Kungun who ruled for 25 (twenty five) seasons. The next king named Pengiran Tempuad which then mate with the female monarch in Sungai Kayan tribe Pimping named Ilahai.
Pengiran Tempuad ruled for 34 (thirty-four) seasons later replaced by Aji Iram Sakti who reigned for 25 (twenty-five) of the season, at this time the king based in Pimping. Aji Iram Way has a daughter named Adu Idung. After Aji Iram Way died later replaced by a nephew named Aji Baran Way are married Adu idang. From this marriage was born Datoe Mancang. Aji Baran Way ruled for 20 (twenty) season. Datoe Mancang then succeeded his father as king and narrated that during the reign of Datoe Mancang is the longest is 49 (forty nine) season.
Mancang Datoe offspring who continued reign is Abang Lemanak which ruled for 20 (twenty) season and at this time the king domiciled in the westerlies.Abang Lemanak later replaced by a younger sister named Ikenawai (woman). Ikenawai married Datoe Radja Radja Suluk descent Sea. Having ruled for + 15 (fifteen) season and then handed over to her husband's administration.Government then returned to Tarakan (in Pamusian). At this time the kingdom Tidung controlled Ikenawai can be united with the kingdom under the command Datoe Suluk Radja Laoet which then holds the Sultan Abdurrasid.
Since the reign of Sultan Abdurrasid, narrations of the sources already mention that the calculation Hijra year is no different with the count of the season, and narrated that during the reign of Sultan Abdurrasid lasted for 14 years. Sultan Abdurrasid and Ikenawai (the title of Queen of Ulam Sari) begat two sons and one daughter (died before adulthood). Both sons Dipati this title Anum and Wira Kelana. After Sultan Abdurrasid died, later replaced by Dipati Anum who holds Amiril Pengiran Dipati and Wira Kelana as Radja Young. At this time the kingdom Suluk back secede with its king is the youngest sister of Sultan Abdurrasid named Datoe Mering. Amiril Pengiran Dipati Mayang Sari married with children Pengiran Sukmana of Sebawang (in the District of Sesayap now) which gave birth Pengiran Lion Laoet, Mayang Sari (young), and Kumala Sari Sari Sukma.
Amiril brother Dipati namely Radja Pengiran Muda Kelana Wira marry Dayang Aji Minti son of Imam Dagiri (coming from Demak) with his wife Sukma Dewi Puteri Petung of the Kingdom of Sand. Wira Kelana of marriage and Aji Dayang Minti beranakkan Digadung and Song of the Moon. Digadung then married to her cousin, the daughter Amiril Pengiran Dipati named Mayang Sari (young) which then begat Wira Amir Aji Aji Sari and Dayang.Aji Dayang married Datoe Kana Dumaring of Berau and beranakkan Pengiran Mas, Pengiran Digadung and Sekennink. Second husband, Muhammad al-Musyarafah (from Iraq) Aji Dayang Radja Large bore and Zainal Abidin Al-Mukarramah.Digadung daughter named Aji Sari married Kasimuddin origin Bone (South Sulawesi) then gave birth to three sons yiatu Kapitan Raga, and Kapitan Kapitan Maburapadasirata Kalipakan.Digadung boy named Wira Amir married to his cousin, the daughter Pengiran Laoet lion named Sinaran Moon and bear children later King Bulungan title of Sultan Alimuddin and commonly referred to as Marhum Salimbatu.
It was narrated that the king Amiril Pengiran Dipati (Dipati Anum) ruled for 42 years and after his death was replaced by his son who holds Amiril Pengiran Laoet Lions who continued reign immersion 37 years.Amiril Pengiran Lion Laoet replaced also by his son who then holds Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila who ruled for 45 years.
Lion King Amiril Pengiran wife Laoet named sari Banun which spawned Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila and Sinaran Months later married Wira Amir who led civics (a kind of commander in contemporary times).
Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila birth Intuyun, Aji Jubida who married Zainal Abidin Al-Mukarramah son Aji Dayang, Aji Jubida who married the Sultan Alimuddin son Wira Amir, and Pengiran Mustafa who later succeeded his father as king of the title Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila (II) which then berisrikan Siti Nurlaila daughter of King Way bin Pengiran Pengiran Great Swordsman Laoet of Sesayap area. From this marriage gave birth to Pengiran Dipati, Pengiran Maharajadinda Horned, Pengiran Lukmanul Judge, Pengiran Jafarudin and Nurbaya who married Siti Kar bin Pengiran Pengiran Besar bin Pengiran Amangkurat King Way of Sesayap area.
Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila (II) is also married to Princess Radja in Pimping Kayan who later gave birth to Pengiran Surya. It was narrated that during the reign of Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila (II) is for 29 years. He died killed by pamamnya named Wira Amir due to his ambition to dominate the government and all their tricks managed to kill Pengiran Mustafa / Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila (II) under the pretext of an accident.
Wira Amir later took over the reins of government. The relatives of the king against the actions of the Amir Wira and then appointed Amiril Pengiran Dipati (II) as king. Wira Amir then retreated to Berau, with the support of King Berau Wira Amir later formed his own kingdom and the title of the Faithful Amiril with the position in the westerlies. On this basis (perhaps) the Berau has stated that the Sultanate of Bulungan was formerly under the control of the King of Berau. It is very difficult to be justified because it is only a unilateral statement considering the number of history contained in the region Bulungan contrary to what is stated.
If what is meant is controlled territory Wira Amir, there may be unlikely because of course there is an agreement between the parties Amir Wira Berau Kingdom for the support to the formation of a new empire, led by Amir Wira which was the forerunner of the kingdom which was then called the Bulungan Sultanate.
As further developments, namely after the death of Amir Wira was replaced by his son who holds the Sultan Alimuddin domiciled in Salimbatu in this period is stated that the Kingdom of official Bulungan apart from Berau in the sense of standing alone without supervising or under another royal command, be it with the kingdom and the kingdom Berau Another royal who is in the region now as the Royal Sesayap Kaltara, Sembakung Kingdom and the Kingdom of Tarakan which is a continuation of the dynasty in which the embryo of the Kingdom of Bulungan are descended from the same dynasty.
As is known that at the beginning of the Dutch colonial government in charge of the kings in the district of Bulungan, the area was divided into four (4) areas unoccupied namely Swapraja Bulungan, Swapraja Sembakung, Swapraja Sesayap and Swapraja Tarakan within the meaning of the fourth this region rank pari passu in colonial rule Netherlands.

Tidung story Seritan Benayuk

 Tidung story Seritan Benayuk

By Bambang Triyono  06:37 AM
If before I make up a story in a language Tidung, I now try to interpret it into Indonesian to be understood by all visitors to the blog. If you find strange things in the following article please leave a message in the box providedDo not know death1. The story of the village Ibenayuk Menjelutung2. According to the stories of the elders there used to be the two sisters, one male, one female.3. The sisters were encamped in the upstream, so the King.4. Her sister named Ibenayuk encamped in the downstream, so the King.5. Thus the designation Ibenayuk him.6. So this story before (yet) Islam.7. the Indigenous. Their customary Similarly, if any of the dead so they rollicking hit the gong, there are people dancing, there were people crying, wide-macamlah who made them.8. The sign family. Every village (which is) one that (there is) death (they) hold the hometown crowd on this one.9. Walk them it helps. That's their custom. Do not know death.10. The villagers Ibenayuk know it is not dead, the story there is a tree called the tree Tenggilang. This tree if there is a sick person in bring down the tree, let the pain of it. Likewise people (who) are old. Go he sat under the tree. Young he returned. That Ceritnya.11. The collapse of the village Ibenayuk. When her go home to upstream Melinaw, that Ibenayuk go help his brother in the upper village hold the crowd's why there are people dying in the village his brother.12. Afterwards they hold the crowd that they asked for permission to return to his village downstream. there already they see themselves in the village itself. That Ibenayuk ordered the fishing village of shark.13. Go the (village) of his fishing. Can he large shark. Ibenayuk brought back into place.14. There has been a shark. Dipetikan they like coffins of the dead. Done already crate it for them. They began to hold the crowds. Early in the morning they started, the afternoon came the (wind) noise and hujanlah. Not long Ibenayuk village collapsed into the sea. So all the villagers that anyone run ashore story stone.15. So there is a story again. Fall village was headed into the water.16. Hats Ibenayuk no longer on the water swirling and humming. Not long back from upstream Melinaw her. He came in Menjelutung. One look at her village collapsed. Paddle him into the sea, and then he met the cap meets the cap circling and berdendan. That her husband continued to follow her plunge into the water. That's the story.17. For unknown story. For this Ibenayuk known story, because his boat crew did not all go jump. Returning them to their homes half brother Ibenayuk upstream tell. New sister knew her brother was the village collapsed into the water.

6.1 magnitude earthquake 29 km northeast shake Tarakan

 6.1 magnitude earthquake 29 km northeast shake Tarakan

Rumah Roboh..

Ngungsi...

Earthquake 6.1 magnitude, 29 km Northeast TarakanTelah earthquakes with strengths: 6.1 magnitude, 29 km the northeast TARAKAN-KALTIM, when the earthquake: 21-Dec-15 01:47:37 BST, is not a potential earthquake TSUNAMI (This event has been reviewed by a seismologist.)
Why Earthquake Tarakan
Geologically Tarakan Island and the surrounding area is located in the Tarakan Basin. The dominant geological structures contained in this zone is a fault down. Geological history shows that in this zone ever growing massive sediment deposition process.
Accumulation sediman load in the delta region has led to some places in this basin has decreased and formed fault structure down. Some literature sources also indicate that from the east Tarakan contained micro subducted down Borneo.
The consequences of this tectonic dynamics is formed anticline in Bunyu and Tarakan.This complex tectonic conditions which further strengthen the notion that the Tarakan Basin is indeed an earthquake-prone region. Insecurity earthquake in this zone is attributed to the presence of several structural geological faults and subduction micro down from the east of Tarakan, also caused by the presence of several horizontal fault structure.
Tarakan and surrounding tectonically flanked by three horizontal fault system. To the south of the island of Tarakan there are two fault system trending southwest-southeast, which Mangkalihat Fault zone (Mangkalihat fault zone) and Zone Fault Maratua (Maratua fault zone). Mangkalihat Fault Zone is a continuation of the fault Fault Palu-Koro, passing near the town of Tanjung Redep.
The existence of Maratua Fault zone is also important to note, because the end of this fault lies in the oceans, which are located adjacent to the town of Tanjung Selor. Meanwhile, in the northern island of Tarakan also contained Fault Zone Perfect (Perfect fault zone) passing of the Sulawesi Sea to Sabah Malaysia and across the region adjacent to Sebatik Island.
Regardless of whether fault-fault mentioned above are still active or not, apparently still needs further research. However, the potential earthquake that may occur in the area still need to be wary of.
By: Dr. Daryono, S.Si, M.Si Head of Earthquake and Tsunami Mitigation BMKG
Earthquake Ever Happened In Tarakan Up Now
- Tarakan 4.8 magnitude earthquake, earthquake time: 22-Dec-15 at 07:18:39 AM local time, epicenter was in the sea 39 km Northeast of Tarakan.- An earthquake of 4.5 magnitude, timing earthquake: 21-Dec-15 02:30 AM GMT, the epicenter was on land 27km Northeast TARAKAN-KALTIM.- An earthquake of 6.1 magnitude, timing earthquake: 21-Dec-15 01:47:37 GMT, the epicenter was on land 29km Northeast TARAKAN-KALTIM.- An earthquake of 5.7 magnitude at 413 km Northeast city of Tarakan February 25, 2015 at 8:31 pm.- 4.8 magnitude tectonic earthquake in the sea 46 km to the southeast of Tarakan, East Kalimantan, on June 6, 2013 at 2:23 pm- An earthquake of 5.5 magnitude at a depth of 50 km in Tarakan, East Kalimantan, on November 12, 2007.- Tarakan 5.0 magnitude earthquake on February 24, 2007 at 12:05:33 pm.- An earthquake of February 28, 1936 Tarakan to force M = 6.5 SR.- An earthquake of February 14, 1925. The shock Tarakan reached MMI VII.- Earthquakes Tarakan 19 April 1923 (M = 7.0 SR) with a depth of 40 km the intensity of the shock hypocenter reached MMI VIII.

Dutch and Japanese heritage in Tarakan

Dutch and Japanese heritage in Tarakan

Meriam Belanda hehehe....

Tarakan little about Tarakan City is the only city located on the administrative provinces of North Borneo. This city has an area of ​​250.80 km² and according to the data of the Civil Registry of Population and Family Planning, Tarakan city has a population of as many as 239 787 people. Tarakan or also known as the Earth Paguntaka, located on a small island. Tarakan is also commonly referred to as Tengkayu that of language Tidungnya means an area surrounded by the sea or coastal. Being the youngest province in the country and has a fairly complete public facilities, not necessarily Tarakan city became the capital of North Borneo. Once upon a time before so municipalities, tarakan is sa; was one district of Bulungan district in accordance with Keppress No. 22 Year 1963. However, with the potential oil resources are abundant on the island tarakan make this area more advanced than the capital of Bulungan. Post-enactment of thirty-four provinces to northern Borneo in 2012 by the government of the Republic of Indonesia, the town of Tarakan become the main gateway to enter the province. No stipulation Tarakan be more due to the provincial capital in the kingdom's history Tidung which is the local native tribe, civilization in the region of Bulungan precisely in Tanjung Selor (The capital of the province of Kaltara now). Review the history Because the image which I will share to agan-agan all has something to do with the history of the city, then I bit mengkorek why Tarakan contested by European nations, especially the Dutch. At that time the Dutch know the potential of the oil contained in Tarakan island, memilikikualitas nice and meilimpah so Dutch East Indies government then set up an oil company BPM (Bataavishe Petroleum Maatchapij) in 1896. To maintain the Tarakan island of threats from other nations who wish taking over this area, the Dutch government strengthen the defense system in this area. To keep an eye on the sea area of ​​Tarakan, the Dutch government and allies build surveillance posts and artillery systems in the form of cannons overlooking the sea.

Tugu Perabuan Jepang...

Japanese funeral monument
Japanese funeral monument is located on the road Markoni Gg.III with a distance of 4 km from the center of the town of Tarakan, this monument is a witness to the history of the presence of the Japanese people is a rectangular flat is equipped with writing kanji. Building height 2 m, width 50 cm piece essentially made of three tiers is equipped with 2 small hole diameter of 5 cm in the event of a writing kanji found on the front left side of the monument, square building this as a funeral ashes of Japanese people who died, this monument was built in 1933, this is evidence of the early history of the arrival of the Japanese in Trakan that possibility as a trader and subsequent expansion Trakan made in the eastern part of Indonesia the Japanese army during world War II.

Tugu Australia...

Tugu Australia
Australia monument is one of the historical evidence of the political upheaval of World War II in Tarakan (Borneo), located on the island of Borneo Kp.Satu 5 km from the city center, or about 400 meters east of the Office of the Mayor of Tarakan (Borneo). This monument was built to commemorate the 225 Australian troops Bridge to the 26th Division 9 which gugr in the liberation war Tarakan (Borneo) tuga unity of the Army, Navy, Air Force, comes from the states of Victoria and South Australia. Banguna rectangular and initially functioned as a monument also marks the gateway into the tomb complex that is located in the northern part, the request of the Australian government throughout the tomb was transferred to his home country.

Korek sedikit tentang tarakan Kota Tarakan merupakan satu-satunya kota administratif yang berada pada provinsi Kalimantan Utara. Kota ini memiliki luas wilayah 250,80 km² dan sesuai dengan data Badan Kependudukan Catatan Sipil dan Keluarga Berencana, Kota Tarakan berpenduduk sebanyak 239.787 jiwa. Tarakan atau juga dikenal sebagai Bumi Paguntaka, berada pada sebuah pulau kecil. Tarakan juga biasa disebut dengan istilah Tengkayu yang dari bahasa Tidungnya berarti daerah yang dikelilingi oleh laut atau Pesisir. Berada pada provinsi termuda di negeri ini dan memiliki fasilitas publik yang cukup lengkap, tak lantas kota Tarakan menjadi ibu kota Kalimantan Utara. Dahulu kala sebelum jadi kota madya, tarakan merupakan sa;lah satu kecamatan dari kabupaten Bulungan sesuai dengan Keppress RI No. 22 Tahun 1963. Akan tetapi, dengan adanya potensi sumber minyak yang melimpah di pulau tarakan membuat daerah ini lebih maju ketimbang ibu kota Kabupaten Bulungan. Pasca ditetapkannya provinsi ke tiga puluh empat kalimantan utara pada tahun 2012 oleh pemerintah Republik Indonesia maka kota Tarakan menjadi pintu gerbang utama memasuki provinsi ini. Tidak ditetapkannya Tarakan menjadi ibu kota Provinsi lebih dikarenakan pada sejarah kerajaan suku Tidung yang merupakan suku asli daerah itu, peradabannya berada pada daerah Kabupaten Bulungan tepatnya di Tanjung Selor (Ibu kota Provinsi Kaltara sekarang). Review sejarah Karena gambar yang akan saya sharing kepada agan-agan semua ada kaitannya dengan sejarah kota, maka saya sedikit mengkorek kenapa Tarakan diperebutkan oleh bangsa eropa khususnya belanda. Pada saat itu belanda mengetahui potensi minyak yang terdapat pada pulau Tarakan, memilikikualitas yang bagus serta meilimpah sehingga Pemerintah Hindia Belanda pada saat itu mendirikan sebuah perusahaan minyak BPM (Bataavishe Petroleum Maatchapij) pada tahun 1896. Untuk mempertahankan pulau Tarakan dari ancaman dari bangsa lain yang ingin mengambil alih daerah ini, maka pemerintah Hindia Belanda memperkuat sistem pertahanan di daerah ini. Untuk mengawasi area laut Tarakan, pemerintah Hindia Belanda dan sekutu membangun pos-pos pengintaian dan sistem artileri berupa meriam yang menghadap ke laut. Berikut foto-fotonya gan :

Selengkapnya : http://www.kompasiana.com/tarhaditabure/jejak-peninggalan-belanda-di-kota-tarakan_54f94937a33311ab068b4a56

Sejarah Singkat Kota Tarakan, Bumi Paguntaka Jaya Raya

Sejarah Singkat Kota Tarakan, Bumi Paguntaka Kaltara 

By. Bambang Triyono 10:33 Wita

Oke, untuk posting kali ini ane nyoba bahas tentang sejarah kota Tarakan, mohon dimaklumi referensi terbatas so ambil sana dan sini (paling banyak sih dari Wikipedia) jadilah profil masa silam Bumi Paguntaka, Tarakan –ku tercinta.

Tarakan menurut cerita rakyat berasal dari bahasa tidung  (suku tidung adalah suku asli Kalimantan yang tinggal di pulau Tarakan dan pulau2 sekitarnya) “Tarak” (bertemu) dan “Ngakan” (makan) yang secara harfiah dapat diartikan “Tempat para nelayan untuk istirahat makan, bertemu serta melakukan barter hasil tangkapan dengan nelayan lain. Selain itu Tarakan juga merupakan tempat pertemuan arus muara Sungai Kayan, Sesayap dan Malinau.

Kerajaan Tidung  atau dikenal pula dengan nama Kerajaan Tarakan (Kalkan/Kalka) adalah kerajaan yang memerintah Suku Tidung di Kalimantan Utara, yang berkedudukan di Pulau Tarakan dan berakhir di Salimbatu. Sebelumnya terdapat dua kerajaan di kawasan ini, selain Kerajaan Tidung, terdapat pula Kesultanan Bulungan yang berkedudukan di Tanjung Palas. Berdasarkan silsilah (Genealogy) yang ada bahwa dipesisir timur Pulau Tarakan yaitu di kawasan Dusun Binalatung sudah ada Kerajaan Tidung Kuno (The Ancient Kingdom of Tidung), kira-kira pada tahun 1076-1156, kemudian berpindah ke pesisir selatan Pulau Tarakan di kawasan Tanjung Batu pada tahun 1156-1216, lalu bergeser lagi ke wilayah barat yaitu ke kawasan Sungai Bidang kira-kira pada tahun 1216-1394, setelah itu berpindah lagi, yang relatif jauh dari Pulau Tarakan ke daerah Pimping bagian barat dan kawasan Tanah Kuning, sekitar tahun 1394-1557, dibawah pengaruh Kesultanan Sulu.

Dari riwayat-riwayat yang terdapat dikalangan suku Tidung tentang kerajaan yang pernah ada dan dapat dikatakan yang paling tua di antara riwayat lainnya yaitu dari Menjelutung di Sungai Sesayap dengan rajanya yang terakhir bernama Benayuk. Berakhirnya zaman Kerajaan Menjelutung karena ditimpa malapetaka berupa hujan ribut dan angin topan yang sangat dahsyat sehingga mengakibatkan perkampungan di situ runtuh dan tenggelam kedalam air (sungai) berikut warganya. Peristiwa tersebut dikalangan suku Tidung disebut Gasab yang kemudian menimbulkan berbagai mitos tentang Benayuk dari Menjelutung.

Dari beberapa sumber didapatkan riwayat tentang masa pemerintahan Benayuk yang berlangsung sekitar 35 musim. Perhitungan musim tersebut adalah berdasarkan hitungan hari bulan (purnama) yang dalam semusim terdapat 12 purnama. Dari itu maka hitungan musim dapat disamakan lebih kurang dengan tahun Hijriah. Apabila dirangkaikan dengan riwayat tentang beberapa tokoh pemimpin (Raja) yang dapat diketahui lama masa pemerintahan dan keterkaitannya dengan Benayuk, maka diperkirakan tragedi di Menjelutung tersebut terjadi pada sekitaran awal abad XI. Kelompok-kelompok Suku Tidung pada zaman Kerajaan Menjelutung belumlah seperti apa yang terdapat sekarang ini, sebagaimana diketahui bahwa dikalangan Suku Tidung yang ada di Kalimantan Timur dan Utara sekarang terdapat 4 (empat) kelompok dialek bahasa Tidung, yaitu :

    * Dialek bahas Tidung Malinau

    * Dialek bahasa Tidung Sembakung.

    * Dialek bahas Tidung Sesayap.

    * Dialek bahas Tidung Tarakan yang biasa pula disebut Tidung Tengara yang kebanyakan bermukim di daerah air asin.

 

 

Dari adanya beberapa dialek Bahasa Tidung yang merupakan kelompok komunitas berikut lingkungan sosial budayanya masing-masing, maka tentulah dari kelompok-kelompok dimaksud memiliki pemimpin masing-masing. Sebagaimana diriwayatkan kemudian bahwa setelah Kerajaan Benayuk di Menjelutung runtuh maka anak keturunan beserta warga yang selamat berpindah dan menyebar kemudian membangun pemukiman baru. Salah seorang dari keturunan Benayuk yang bernama Kayam selaku pemimpin dari pemukiman di Linuang Kayam (Kampung si Kayam) yang merupakan cikal bakal dari pemimpin (raja-raja) di Pulau Mandul, Sembakung dan Lumbis.

Berikut adalah raja-raja yang pernah memimpin Kerajaan Tidung :

    * Benayuk dari sungai Sesayap, Menjelutung (Masa Pemerintahan ± 35 Musim)

    * Yamus (Si Amus) (Masa Pemerintahan ± 44 Musim)

    * Ibugang (Aki Bugang)

    * Itara (Lebih kurang 29 Musim)

    * Ikurung (Lebih kurang 25 Musim)

    * Ikarang (Lebih kurang 35 Musim), di Tanjung Batu (Tarakan).

    * Karangan (Lebih kurang Musim)

    * Ibidang (Lebih kurang Musim)

    * Bengawan (Lebih kurang 44 Musim)

    * Itambu (Lebih kurang 20 Musim)

    * Aji Beruwing Sakti (Lebih kurang 30 Musim)

    * Aji Surya Sakti (Lebih kurang 30 Musim)

    * Aji Pengiran Kungun (Lebih kurang 25 Musim)

    * Pengiran Tempuad (Lebih kurang 34 Musim)

    * Aji Iram Sakti (Lebih kurang 25 Musim) di Pimping, Bulungan

    * Aji Baran Sakti (Lebih kurang 20 Musim).

    * Datoe Mancang (Lebih kurang 49 Musim)

    * Abang Lemanak (Lebih kurang 20 Musim), di Baratan, Bulungan

    * Ikenawai bergelar Ratu Ulam Sari (Lebih kurang 15 Musim)

Era Dinasti Tengara

Dinasti Tengara bermulai pada tahun 1557-1916 Masehi, dinasti ini pertama kali dipimpin oleh Amiril Rasyd Gelar Datoe Radja Laoet pada tahun 1557 Masehi dan berakhir pada saat dipimpin oleh Datoe Adil pada tahun 1916, Dinasti Tengara berlokasi di kawasan Pamusian, Tarakan Tengah

Berikut adalah raja-raja yang pernah berkuasa pada masa Dinasti Tengara :

    * Amiril Rasyd Gelar Datoe Radja Laoet (1557-1571)

    * Amiril Pengiran Dipati I (1571-1613)

    * Amiril Pengiran Singa Laoet (1613-1650)

    * Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila I (1650-1695)

    * Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila II (1695-1731)

    * Amiril Pengiran Dipati II (1731-1765)

    * Amiril Pengiran Maharajadinda (1765-1782)

    * Amiril Pengiran Maharajalila III (1782-1817)

    * Amiril Tadjoeddin (1817-1844)

    * Amiril Pengiran Djamaloel Kiram (1844-1867)

    * Ratoe Intan Doera/Datoe Maoelana (1867-1896), Datoe Jaring gelar Datoe Maoelana adalah putera Sultan Bulungan Muhammad Kaharuddin (II)

    * Datoe Adil (1896-1916)

Era Hindia Belanda

Ketenangan masyarakat setempat agak terganggu ketika pada tahun 1896, sebuah perusahaan perminyakan Belanda, BPM (Bataavishe Petroleum Maatchapij) menemukan adanya sumber minyak di pulau ini. Banyak tenaga kerja didatangkan terutama dari pulau jawa seiring dengan meningkatnya kegiatan pengeboran. Mengingat fungsi dan perkembangan wilayah ini, pada tahun 1923 Pemerintah Hindia Belanda merasa perlu untuk menempatkan seorang Asisten Residen di pulau ini yang membawahi 5 (lima) wilayah, yakni: Tanjung Selor, Tarakan, Malinau, Apau Kayan dan Berau. Namun pada masa pasca kemerdekaan, Pemerintah RI merasa perlu untuk mengubah status kewedanan Tarakan menjadi Kecamatan Tarakan sesuai dengan Keppress RI No. 22 Tahun 1963.

Era Pendudukan Jepang

Pada saat pendaratan Sekutu, angkatan Jepang di Tarakan berjumlah 2.200 orang yang didatangkan dari Angkatan Darat Kekaisaran Jepang dan Angkatan Laut Kekaisaran Jepang. Satuan terbesar adalah Batalion Infantri Independen ke-455 yang berkekuatan 740 orang yang dikomandoi oleh Mayor Tadai Tokoi. 150 pasukan pendukung AD juga ada di Tarakan. Sumbangan AL kepada garnisun Tarakan tersusun atas 980 pelaut yang dikomandoi oleh Komandan Kaoru Kaharu. Satuan laut utama adalah Angkatan Garnisun Laut ke-2 yang berkekuatan 600 orang. Satuan laut ini dilatih bertempur sebagai infantri dan mengoperasikan beberapa senapan pertahanan pesisir. 350 pekerja minyak sipil Jepang juga diharapkan bertempur pada saat serangan Sekutu. Angkatan Jepang termasuk sekitar 50 orang Indonesia yang berdinas di satuan pengawal pusat. Mayor Tokoi mengarahkan keseluruhan pertahanan Tarakan, meskipun hubungan antara AL dan AD buruk.

Angkatan Jepang dipusatkan di sekitar Lingkas, pelabuhan utama Tarakan dan tempat satu-satunya pantai yang cocok untuk pendaratan pasukan Pembela itu telah menghabiskan waktu beberapa bulan sebelum serangan yang menyusun posisi bertahan dan menanam ranjau. Pertahanan yang diatur itu banyak dipakai selama pertempuran, dengan taktik Jepang yang difokuskan pada posisi bertahan pra-persiapan yang kuat. Jepang tak melakukan kontra-serangan besar apapun, dan kebanyakan gerakan menyerang terbatas pada beberapa pihak penyerang yang mencoba menyelusup garis Australia.

Mendapatkan ladang minyak Tarakan adalah satu tujuan awal Jepang selama Perang Pasifik. Jepang menyerang Tarakan pada tanggal 11 Januari 1942 dan mengalahkan garnisun Belanda yang kecil dalam pertempuran yang berlangsung selama 2 hari di mana separuh pasukan Belanda gugur. Saat ladang minyak Tarakan berhasil disabotase oleh Belanda sebelum penyerahannya, Jepang bisa dengan cepat memperbaikinya agar bisa menghasilkan lagi dan 350.000 barel diproduksi tiap bulan dari awal tahun 1944.

Menyusul penyerahan Belanda, 5.000 penduduk Tarakan amat menderita akibat kebijakan pendudukan Jepang. Banyaknya pasukan Jepang yang ditempatkan di pulau ini mengakibatkan penyunatan bahan makanan dan sebagai akibatnya banyak orang Tarakan yang kurang gizi. Selama pendudukan itu, Jepang membawa sekitar 600 buruh ke Tarakan dari Jawa. Jepang juga memaksa sekitar 300 wanita Jawa untuk bekerja sebagai "jugun ianfu" (wanita penghibur) di Tarakan setelah membujuk mereka dengan janji palsu mendapatkan kerja sebagai juru tulis maupun membuat pakaian.

Arti penting Tarakan bagi Jepang makin menguap dengan gerak maju cepat angkatan Sekutu ke daerah itu. Tanker minyak Jepang yang terakhir meninggalkan Tarakan pada bulan Juli 1944, dan serangan udara Sekutu yang hebat pada tahun-tahun itu menghancurkan produksi minyak dan fasilitas penyimpanan di pulau itu. Serangan ini juga membunuh beberapa ratus penduduk sipil Indonesia. Sejalan dengan kepentingannya yang makin menurun, garnisun Jepang di Tarakan berkurang pada awal 1945 saat salah satu dari 2 batalion infantri yang ditempatkan di pulau itu (Batalion Infantri Independen ke-454) ditarik ke Balikpapan. Batalion ini dihancurkan oleh Divisi ke-7 Australia pada bulan Juli selama Pertempuran Balikpapan.

Era Kemerdekaan

Letak dan posisi yang strategis telah mampu menjadikan kecamatan Tarakan sebagai salah satu sentra industri di wilayah Provinsi Kalimantan Timur bagian utara sehingga pemerintah perlu untuk meningkatkan statusnya menjadi Kota Administratif sesuai dengan Peraturan Pemerintah No. 47 Tahun 1981.

Status Kota Administratif kembali ditingkatkan menjadi Kotamadya berdasarkan Undang-undang RI No. 29 Tahun 1997 yang peresmiannya dilakukan langsung oleh Menteri dalam Negeri pada tanggal 15 Desember 1997, sekaligus menandai tanggal tersebut sebagai Hari Jadi Kota Tarakan.

Sejak tahun 2012, Kota Tarakan merupakan bagian dari Provinsi Kalimantan Utara, seiring dengan pemekaran provinsi baru tersebut dari Provinsi Kalimantan Timur.